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2. 数据分析实际案例之:pandas在餐厅评分数据中的使用

简介

为了更好的熟练掌握pandas在实际数据分析中的应用,今天我们再介绍一下怎么使用pandas做美国餐厅评分数据的分析。

餐厅评分数据简介

数据的来源是UCI ML Repository,包含了一千多条数据,有5个属性,分别是:

userID: 用户ID

placeID:餐厅ID

rating:总体评分

food_rating:食物评分

service_rating:服务评分

我们使用pandas来读取数据:

import numpy as np

path = '../data/restaurant_rating_final.csv'
df = pd.read_csv(path)
df
userIDplaceIDratingfood_ratingservice_rating
0U1077135085222
1U1077135038221
2U1077132825222
3U1077135060122
4U1068135104112
..................
1156U1043132630111
1157U1011132715110
1158U1068132733110
1159U1068132594111
1160U1068132660000

1161 rows × 5 columns

分析评分数据

如果我们关注的是不同餐厅的总评分和食物评分,我们可以先看下这些餐厅评分的平均数,这里我们使用pivot_table方法:

mean_ratings = df.pivot_table(values=['rating','food_rating'], index='placeID',
aggfunc='mean')
mean_ratings[:5]
food_ratingrating
placeID
1325601.000.50
1325611.000.75
1325641.251.25
1325721.001.00
1325831.001.00

然后再看一下各个placeID,投票人数的统计:

ratings_by_place = df.groupby('placeID').size()
ratings_by_place[:10]
placeID
132560 4
132561 4
132564 4
132572 15
132583 4
132584 6
132594 5
132608 6
132609 5
132613 6
dtype: int64

如果投票人数太少,那么这些数据其实是不客观的,我们来挑选一下投票人数超过4个的餐厅:

active_place = ratings_by_place.index[ratings_by_place >= 4]
active_place
Int64Index([132560, 132561, 132564, 132572, 132583, 132584, 132594, 132608,
132609, 132613,
...
135080, 135081, 135082, 135085, 135086, 135088, 135104, 135106,
135108, 135109],
dtype='int64', name='placeID', length=124)

选择这些餐厅的平均评分数据:

mean_ratings = mean_ratings.loc[active_place]
mean_ratings
food_ratingrating
placeID
1325601.0000000.500000
1325611.0000000.750000
1325641.2500001.250000
1325721.0000001.000000
1325831.0000001.000000
.........
1350881.1666671.000000
1351041.4285710.857143
1351061.2000001.200000
1351081.1818181.181818
1351091.2500001.000000

124 rows × 2 columns

对rating进行排序,选择评分最高的10个:

top_ratings = mean_ratings.sort_values(by='rating', ascending=False)
top_ratings[:10]
food_ratingrating
placeID
1329551.8000002.000000
1350342.0000002.000000
1349862.0000002.000000
1329221.5000001.833333
1327552.0000001.800000
1350741.7500001.750000
1350132.0000001.750000
1349761.7500001.750000
1350551.7142861.714286
1350751.6923081.692308

我们还可以计算平均总评分和平均食物评分的差值,并以一栏diff进行保存:

mean_ratings['diff'] = mean_ratings['rating'] - mean_ratings['food_rating']

sorted_by_diff = mean_ratings.sort_values(by='diff')
sorted_by_diff[:10]
food_ratingratingdiff
placeID
1326672.0000001.250000-0.750000
1325941.2000000.600000-0.600000
1328581.4000000.800000-0.600000
1351041.4285710.857143-0.571429
1325601.0000000.500000-0.500000
1350271.3750000.875000-0.500000
1327401.2500000.750000-0.500000
1349921.5000001.000000-0.500000
1327061.2500000.750000-0.500000
1328701.0000000.600000-0.400000

将数据进行反转,选择差距最大的前10:

sorted_by_diff[::-1][:10]
food_ratingratingdiff
placeID
1349870.5000001.0000000.500000
1329371.0000001.5000000.500000
1350661.0000001.5000000.500000
1328511.0000001.4285710.428571
1350490.6000001.0000000.400000
1329221.5000001.8333330.333333
1350301.3333331.5833330.250000
1350631.0000001.2500000.250000
1326261.0000001.2500000.250000
1350001.0000001.2500000.250000

计算rating的标准差,并选择最大的前10个:

# Standard deviation of rating grouped by placeID
rating_std_by_place = df.groupby('placeID')['rating'].std()
# Filter down to active_titles
rating_std_by_place = rating_std_by_place.loc[active_place]
# Order Series by value in descending order
rating_std_by_place.sort_values(ascending=False)[:10]
placeID
134987 1.154701
135049 1.000000
134983 1.000000
135053 0.991031
135027 0.991031
132847 0.983192
132767 0.983192
132884 0.983192
135082 0.971825
132706 0.957427
Name: rating, dtype: float64

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